PROSPECTS FOR CREATING A HYBRID CONTROL SYSTEM FOR PROSTHESES: A REVIEW 

Ali Mirdan Samandari, Postgraduate Student, Belgorod State National Research University (85 Pobedy street, Belgorod, Russia), E-mail: aliofphysics777ali@gmail.com
Andrey N. Afonin, Doctor of technical sciences, professor, professor of the sub-department of information and robotic systems, Belgorod State National Research University (85 Pobedy street, Belgorod, Russia), E-mail: afonin@bsu.edu.ru 

Background. Facilitating the adaptation, physical rehabilitation and preparation for prosthetics of people who have lost a body part is of great importance for finding new opportunities and alternatives to modern limb prostheses. Bionic prosthetics can significantly improve the quality of life of people with disabilities, ensuring the maximum possible restoration of motor functions. However, controlling such prostheses is very challenging. The most commonly used control systems today: electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG) and near-infrared functional spectroscopy (fNIRS) (When used independently), are unable to become control systems due to their inherent shortcomings. Likewise, this review sheds light on the future prospects of creating a hybrid system, which may be a promising system for controlling prosthetic limbs. Materials and methods. Several studies have been conducted to systematically review published articles to provide researchers and experts with meaningful information about current state-of-the-art control methods used in prosthetic arms. Results. The 109 articles studied are closely related to the research and confirm the idea of creating a hybrid prosthetic control system. Conclusions. The review consists of three axes. The first axis is designed to collect, summarize and evaluate information from relevant studies published over the past decade. The second axis represents important results of previous experiments conducted within the framework of current research, and records of experimental results, both autonomous and hybrid methods. This research is conducted systematically to provide all experts and scientists with a complete picture and scientific evidence of prosthetic treatment methods. The third axis defines a wide area of knowledge that requires further study, recommendations and guidelines for future research, since hybrid systems for prosthetics management scenarios or rehabilitation and restoration of lost functions are still not used in practice, and this serves as an incentive for future research to find a hybrid and integrated management system (hardware and software) for prosthetics or rehabilitation and restoration of lost functions. 

disability, hybrid brain–computer Interface (hBCI), control system, electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), prostheses 

Samandari A.M., Afonin A.N. Prospects for creating a hybrid control system for prostheses: a review. Modeli, sistemy, seti v ekonomike, tekhnike, prirode i obshchestve = Models, systems, networks in economics, technology, nature and society. 2024;(2):102–118. (In Russ.). doi: 10.21685/2227-8486-2024-2-7